Leading PI: Sigrun Smola (Saarland University)
Neutrophil granulocytes, part of the myeloid cell compartment, are crucial for controlling and clearing microbial infections. They detect bacterial components and release pro-inflammatory signals, leading to their recruitment to infection sites. Depending on their activation, neutrophils release reactive oxygen species (ROS) and leukotriene B4 (LTB4), phagocytize pathogens, and undergo NETosis, releasing toxic nets to trap pathogens and alert macrophages. Overactivation can cause tissue damage and cytokine storms. Living therapeutic materials (LTM) with programmed microorganisms should avoid triggering neutrophil activation. We developed methods to assess LTM safety regarding neutrophil activation, including surface marker expression, ROS and protease release, and functional assays. The research aims to understand LTM interactions with innate immune cells to prevent side effects and ensure LTM safety. The project will investigate how LTMs and their components affect neutrophil activation and function, supporting the development of safe LTMs.